Hua Jianmin: Comprehensively promote the management and development of coal mine gas

Hua Jianmin

Coal mine safety is the top priority of national safe production, and the management and utilization of gas is the top priority of coal mine safety production. To do a good job in the management and development and utilization of coal mine gas is a concrete manifestation of the full implementation of the scientific concept of development, “adhering to saving development, clean development, and safe development”. It is also a powerful measure to ease the strain on China’s oil and gas resources and promote the development of the energy industry.

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Gas is the biggest hazard in the safety production of coal mines, and it is also a valuable energy source with high calorific value and no pollution. Doing a good job in gas control and utilization can not only ensure the safety of coal mines, but also save other energy such as coal and electricity. It can be used as a tool to change hazards and turn waste into treasure. It has important practical significance and long-term protection for protecting life, protecting resources, and protecting the environment. Strategic significance.

(1) Gas control and utilization are the fundamental measures for preventing gas accidents in coal mines. For a long time, the management and utilization of gas in China has been seriously lagging behind, and it has become the biggest hidden danger of coal mine safety production. Gas has therefore been called the “ first killer ” of coal mine safety in China. As the result, gas is dead, and mining has no peace. According to statistics, China's high gas and gas outburst mines account for about half of all mines, and the number of deaths caused by gas accidents each year accounts for 1/3 of the total coal mine accident deaths . Since the founding of New China, there have been a total of 22 fatal accidents with more than 100 deaths and 3569 deaths in coal mines across the country . Among them, there were 20 gas accidents and 3335 deaths, accounting for 90.9 % and 93.4 % respectively. In 2005 , 2171 coalmine gas accidents were killed in the country , accounting for 36.6 % of the deaths in coal mine accidents. In the coal mine accidents, gas accidents accounted for 71 %. Taking resolute and powerful measures to govern and use gas is an important measure to ensure the safe production of coal mines and safeguard the safety of people's lives and property. It is a " life project " that benefits the country and the people .

(2) Gas management and utilization are powerful measures for the comprehensive development and utilization of China's energy resources. Gas is also called coalbed methane, which is rich in coalbed methane resources and ranks third in the world. According to the results of the latest round of resource assessments, China’s reserves of CBM resources with a depth of less than 2000 meters have reached 36.8 trillion cubic meters, equivalent to 45 billion tons of standard coal or 35 billion tons of standard oil, which is equivalent to conventional onshore natural gas reserves. The development and utilization of coalbed methane resources has been highly valued by the state and the “Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Coal Industry” clearly states that “ encouraging gas extraction and utilization, transforming damage into profits, and promoting the development of coalbed methane industry ” . At present, the development and utilization of coalbed methane in China has become a new emerging industry with broad prospects for development. It has been used in many fields such as civil use, power generation, industrial fuels, and automotive fuels. According to statistics, in 2005 CBM power generation installed capacity reached 200,000 kilowatts. With the continuous maturation and promotion of CBM extraction and utilization technologies, the role of alleviating tension in China's oil and gas resources will increase.

(3) Gas management and utilization are effective means to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve environmental quality. The main component of methane is methane, which produces 21 times the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide and 7 times the destructive power of the ozone layer. According to estimates by the relevant authorities, the national air emissions from methane emissions account for about one-third of all industrial methane emissions, and methane emissions can be reduced significantly after the use of gas. In recent years, with the rapid growth of coal production and the increase in the depth of coal mining, this issue has become more prominent and has attracted the attention of the domestic and international community. Since the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol in February 2005, China has faced increasing pressure to reduce its emissions. To do a good job in the development and utilization of gas is of great significance to effectively reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving the quality of the atmospheric environment.

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The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the comprehensive management and development and utilization of coal mine gas. In 2005, the 81st executive meeting of the State Council formulated seven measures for centralized gas rehabilitation. At the beginning of this year, the State Council further put forward the work goal of “ strive to use two years or so to cause a large-scale decline in serious accidents involving gas explosions in coal mines ” . Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the " Several Opinions on Accelerating the Drainage and Utilization of Coalbed Methane (Coal Mine Gas)" and formulated a number of policies and measures to promote gas drainage and utilization of coal mines. All localities and relevant departments followed closely the deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, worked closely with each other, established and improved the gas prevention and control work system, formulated overall plans and implementation opinions for the management and utilization of coal gas, and completed the development and utilization of coalbed methane. The "V" plan established the National Engineering Research Center for Gas Control and the National Engineering Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Coalbed Methane, and paid great attention and active support to the management and utilization of gas in many aspects such as capital, policy, and science and technology.

Many coal mining enterprises closely rely on scientific and technological advancement, boldly explore, and brave to practice, and have carried out many beneficial attempts in the management and utilization of gas, and have accumulated a lot of successful experience, through pre-drainage before coal mining and simultaneous extraction during coal mining. Mining and coal mining continue mining after goaf and other measures to achieve coal mining gas production, development and utilization of industrialization. At present, 147 counties (districts) across the country have realized the interconnection of gas monitoring systems for high-gas mines, and 60% of the low-gas mines have installed gas monitoring systems. Some coal mining enterprises have exceeded 100 million cubic meters of gas extraction per year, and the gas utilization rate of the extraction exceeds 50%, which has achieved good results . In 2005, 328 CBM wells were constructed nationwide, which exceeded the total number of construction wells over the previous years; the country's CBM extraction volume reached 2.3 billion cubic meters, and the total amount used exceeded 1 billion cubic meters; the national coal mine gas accidents showed an overall downward trend this year. In the first half of the year, the number of gas accidents and deaths dropped by 30.6% and 45.1%, respectively , as the country’s coal production increased by 4.4% year-on-year .

In view of the overall situation of the country, the comprehensive management and utilization of coal mine gas is still in its infancy, and there are still many problems to be solved: In terms of gas drainage and utilization, the reserves and drainage volume, extraction volume and utilization are not in proportion. Inconsistent with the constraints of many factors such as low technical level, inadequate investment in extracting projects, long-term pipeline network construction and imperfect incentive policies, gas drainage and utilization are lagging far behind conventional natural gas. In respect of gas management , some coal mining enterprises still have outstanding problems in implementing the “one-pass and three-prevention” measures. There is no reliable ventilation, extraction, and gas monitoring and control system in the technology; the system has not strictly implemented “Monitoring, wind production and production” of the gas management policy; supervision did not eliminate the super ventilation capacity of mines, over-capacity production, especially the lack of supervision over the illegal construction of the infrastructure, renovation and expansion of mines, lax enforcement, and so on, coal mine gas accident momentum Has not been effectively curbed.

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To comprehensively promote coal mine gas control and development and utilization, on the one hand, we must earnestly strengthen the confidence and determination that gas can be prevented, controlled, ruled, and available . On the other hand, we must adopt technical, economic, legal, and supervision methods. Measures to gradually establish an industrial system for gas control and development and utilization, and promote the coordinated development of coal mine safety production and coalbed methane industry.

(1) Vigorously promote technological innovation in the management and utilization of coal mine gas. According to the conditions of China’s coal resources and the status quo of coal mine science and technology development, combined with the implementation of key national projects in the medium and long-term science and technology development plan, intensify the integration of scientific and technological resources, strengthen basic theoretical research, accelerate scientific and technological research, and improve coal mine gas control, Drainage and use of technology. The first is to expedite the construction of the National Engineering Research Center for Coal Mine Gas Control and the National Engineering Research Center for the Development and Utilization of CBM, to carry out scientific research on the development and utilization of coalbed methane, and to form a science and technology innovation system and technology integration system for gas control and utilization. Second is to strengthen basic research and scientific and technological research, and actively promote the national "Nine Five", "15" Gas Comprehensive Management in scientific and technological results of the project, and vigorously promote the use of advanced and applicable technologies and equipment, arrange 3 billion this year treasury bonds to support the project as soon as possible , Focus on supporting the comprehensive management of gas and the use of technological transformation projects. The third is to establish a coal mine safety production and CBM development and utilization talent training and academic exchange mechanism, encourage the combination of universities and national R&D bases, and establish high-level personnel training, continuing education, and academic exchange bases to promote gas management and CBM industry. Development provides talent support.

(b) Actively study and formulate policies and measures to promote the development of the coalbed methane industry. First, we conscientiously implemented the " Several Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Drainage and Utilization of Coalbed Methane (Coal Mine Gas)", actively studied and formulated supporting policies, and implemented all the measures in the "Opinion" as soon as possible. The second is to promote the construction of coalbed methane networks, strengthen the connection with the natural gas pipeline network, and expand the coalbed methane consumer market . The third is to reasonably determine the production and sales prices of coalbed methane, to use coalbed methane to generate electricity, and to study and formulate preferential policies in terms of grid access and grid-connected electricity prices. The fourth is to effectively solve the problem of overlapping establishment of coalbed methane mining rights and coal mining rights in certain areas, CBM extraction and coal mining, and exploring mechanisms for mutual promotion and positive interaction between coal production and CBM development in coal mine production areas. And formulate specific measures to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties involved in the development and utilization of coalbed methane, promote the healthy development of the coal industry and the rational development and utilization of coalbed methane.

(3) Improving the laws, regulations and rules and regulations for the management and development of coal mine gas safety. In order to further implement the Safe Production Act and protect the lives and property of the people, the State Council promulgated regulations such as the “Special Provisions of the State Council on Preventing Coal Mine Production Safety Accidents,” and various localities and relevant departments have also formulated many local regulations. Regulations, departmental regulations, etc., effectively regulate safety production. All localities and relevant departments should, in accordance with the requirements for the management and utilization of coal mine gas, quickly reform the relevant laws and regulations, rules and regulations, and various safety technical standards for coal mines, and incorporate the work of gas control and utilization into a standardized and legalized track.

(D) Further strengthen the supervision and management of coal mine gas prevention work. First, we must strengthen the supervision and inspection of the implementation of gas control measures for coal mines, conscientiously implement the 12-character guideline for gas control, do a good job in the verification of coal mine production capacity, insist on not exceeding production, not exceeding the limit, not exceeding the limit, and solidly promoting coal mine gas. Prevention work. Second, we must attach great importance to the construction of coal mine gas monitoring and control systems, and implement provincial, city, county, and coal mine network operations as soon as possible to form an operational mechanism for classifying and timely disposing hidden dangers in gas accidents. Third, we must conscientiously implement the state’s technical policies and industry standards on resources, the environment, and safe production. High-gas, coal, and gas outburst mines must be in accordance with the requirements of “ excavating the protective layer ahead of the tunnel, leading the tunnel, and advanced gas extraction ” . Deploy mining work surfaces to standardize mine construction and production practices.

Doing a good job in the management and utilization of coal mine gas, which has both safety benefits, economic benefits, environmental benefits, and social benefits, is an important and urgent task. With the increasing emphasis on all sectors of society, the continuous improvement of the legal system, and continuous increase in capital investment, China’s gas management and utilization levels will surely be fully improved, and the CBM industry will usher in a new stage of rapid development. The long-term stability of national coal mine safety and the healthy development of the coal industry have made even greater contributions!