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The fertilizer requirement of high-quality strong gluten wheat is different from that of common wheat. According to the characteristics of high-quality strong gluten wheat, it is especially important to ensure high-quality and high-quality wheat. Its fertilization techniques are as follows:
Reapply organic fertilizer and fertilize the soil. Experiments show that the protein content of high-quality strong gluten wheat is basically proportional to the soil organic matter content. Therefore, the application of high-quality strong gluten wheat should adhere to the principle of organic fertilizer. Generally, 5 to 6 cubic meters of organic fertilizer should be applied per acre before cultivation. The smashing of straws such as corn and wheat can effectively increase the soil organic matter content.
The reasonable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is mutually complementary. The total nitrogen requirement of high-quality strong gluten wheat is slightly higher than that of common wheat. Appropriate increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate is beneficial to increase grain protein content. According to research, the yield and quality of wheat are more guaranteed when the phosphorus content in the soil is higher than the middle. Potassium fertilizer can significantly increase the absorption and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer by wheat, promote the conversion of nitrogen into protein, and increase the 1000-grain weight and grain protein content. Combined with the production practice in recent years, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is generally 31 1 1 , that is, 13 kg of nitrogen per mu, 4 kg of phosphorus and 4 kg of potassium.
Apply enough base fertilizer and scientific topdressing. Base fertilizer is especially important for high-quality strong gluten wheat, and the absorption capacity of high-quality strong gluten wheat in the middle and late growth stages is significantly higher than that of common wheat. Most of the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic fertilizers are applied as a base fertilizer before cultivation. In the jointing stage of wheat, combined with watering, a small part of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to meet the demand of nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and late stage of high-quality strong gluten wheat, reduce the degradation of spikelets, increase the number of kernels and increase the protein content. In the flowering stage of wheat, foliar spraying is carried out 2 to 3 times with 1% to 2% urea solution or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, once a week, which can increase 1000-grain weight and enhance its resistance to dry hot air.
Increase the application of micro-fertilizer. Trace elements such as zinc, boron and manganese are involved in nitrogen metabolism and promote the synthesis of amino acids and proteins. Increasing the application of micro-fertilizer is an important measure to improve the yield and quality of high-quality and strong gluten wheat. Commonly used micro-fertilizers are zinc sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate. Generally, the concentration of micro-fertilizer required for soaking seeds is 0.02%-0.05%; 2-6 grams of micro-fertilizer is required per kg of seeds for seed dressing; 0.5-1 kg of micro-fertilizer is required for each base of fertilizer; foliar spray The required micronutrient concentration is 0.01% to 0.05%.
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