Second, the application of dry cutting gear processing

The use of new cemented carbide coating methods for CNC machine tools has led to a new trend in the manufacture of cylindrical gears: high-speed cutting of non-cooled carbide tools. If the process parameters are optimally set, the machining time is short and the tool life is longer. Japan's Mitsubishi Corporation, the US Gleason Corporation, etc. have carried out fruitful research in this regard.

Japan's Mitsubishi Corporation introduced the world's first dry hobbing system. It adopts the traditional cutting speed of cutting speed twice, which can reach 200m/min. Dry hobbing has special requirements for hob. Mitsubishi Company designs special dry hob, adopts MACH7 high speed steel, and the surface is coated with special coating. Helps to dissipate heat and reduce tool loss, and its life can be extended to 5 times the normal wet cutting method. This system is ideal for processing automotive final drive gears, large load gears, automotive pinions and planetary gears, with a reduction in production costs of at least 40%.

Gleason uses a dry-cutting method to machine bevel gears on a carbide machine with a carbide cutter. Compared with the conventional high-speed steel tool wet cutting method, the cutting time is reduced by 50%, and the gear surface roughness significantly reduces the geometric accuracy. It is also greatly improved, and the machining accuracy can reach AGMA12~13. The company produces GP series gear hobbing machines with its unique design, which makes the dry cutting quality comparable to the wet cutting quality. The bed is designed as a large angled slope to facilitate chip flow. The inside of the bed is circulated and cooled to help maintain heat balance. In addition, the machine is equipped with a vacuum dedusting and dust removal system. This series of hobbing machines, rolling speed can reach 3000r / min.

The high-speed dry cutting method has the following advantages: First, since it eliminates the oil chip separation process, the cooling oil tank oil chip separation device and the corresponding electrical equipment, the machine tool is compact. Secondly, this method greatly improves the processing environment; processing costs are also greatly reduced. In order to further extend the tool life and improve the quality of the workpiece, the gear dry cutting process uses 10~1000ml lubricating oil per hour for minor lubrication. This method produces chips that can be considered as dry chips. The accuracy of the workpiece and the internal stress of the surface are not adversely affected by the micro-lubrication. Process monitoring can also be carried out with automatic control equipment.

LMT-Fette uses a carbide cutter to dry-cut the gear, which significantly reduces the processing time cost of the gear. KC250H dry hobbing machine developed by Japan's Kenten Iron Works Co., Ltd. uses a carbide hob, cold air cooling, and micro-lubrication to perform high-speed hobbing. Due to the stable supply of cold air, the workpiece has minimal thermal deformation. Compared with the traditional high-speed steel hob KA220 wet hobbing machine, the processing speed is increased by 3.2 times and the gear precision is also significantly improved.

Third, summary

Compared with wet cutting, dry cutting not only greatly improves the machine tool production efficiency, reduces the processing cost of the workpiece, but also helps to protect the environment and save natural resources. In foreign countries, dry cutting research applications are relatively extensive. According to statistics from relevant departments, nearly half of the companies in Western Europe currently use dry cutting. Although some institutions in China are engaged in research work in this area, the application in the field of gear processing is still blank.

The ISOJIS14000 series of standards were enacted in 1996. These standards have strict regulations on environmental management and monitoring. Their implementation will undoubtedly challenge the export of China's machine tool products once again. In order to improve the technological innovation capability of China's product technology content, the international market competition is in an invincible position, and it is necessary to carry out research and development of dry cutting technology.

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