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Graphene industry has broad prospects
Graphene has extraordinary electrical conductivity, ten times more strength than steel and excellent light transmission. It is expected to trigger a revolution in the field of modern electronic technology, in the semiconductor industry, photovoltaic industry, lithium-ion battery, aerospace, military Traditional areas such as next-generation displays and emerging fields such as new energy and new materials will bring revolutionary technological advances.
Graphene is currently the best known conductive material, especially suitable for high-frequency circuits, which can produce future supercomputers. Graphene photonic sensors are used to detect the information carried in the fiber, while the transparent properties of graphene make it The electric board has better light transmittance and can be used for a solar cell panel liquid crystal display. Graphene can also be used in the fields of transistor and gene sequencing to produce ultra-thin and ultra-light aircraft materials, ultra-tough body armor, photoelectrochemical cells made of graphene can replace metal-based organic light-emitting diodes and traditional metal graphite electrodes. To make it easier to recycle.
As a substitute for silicon, graphene can be used in the field of chips instead of crystalline silicon. The global demand for semiconductor crystalline silicon is about 2,500 tons per year. If graphene replaces one tenth of crystalline silicon to make high-end integrated circuits, the market capacity is at least 500 billion yuan. A lithium ion battery anode material made of graphene can greatly improve battery performance. The global demand for anode materials is more than 25,000 tons per year, and it has maintained a growth rate of more than 20%. Graphene is used as a negative electrode material in one-tenth of lithium-ion batteries, and its demand is also more than 250 tons. Graphene can be made into supercapacitors. In 2010, the global supercapacitor market was worth $5 billion and maintained a growth rate of 20%. Graphene can be used as a display device instead of a conductive material. It is expected that the global demand for ITO conductive glass will be 85-95 million pieces in 2011, and the replacement space for graphene is huge. Focus on Fangda Carbon, Antai Technology and other related listed companies.
Synthetic diamond capacity expansion Synthetic diamond technology is used to generate diamonds by reacting carbonaceous materials such as graphite with certain metals, and is widely used in various fields of the national economy. With the continuous expansion of China's investment and infrastructure scale, technology upgrades in the traditional processing sector, global manufacturing centers shifting to the domestic market, and the rapid development of emerging industries, China's synthetic diamond market demand is more vigorous, showing a trend of sustained and rapid growth.
The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Commerce issued the “Guidelines for Priority Areas for High-tech Industries with Priority Developmentâ€, emphasizing that superhard materials and products involve priority areas for priority development in two countries. First, priority is given to industrial development in advanced manufacturing. Automation and precision and efficient processing, including the development of new precision machining tools, abrasive tools, etc., and in the information industry, involving electronic processing equipment, instruments and tooling for wafer processing. In 2010, the market for superhard materials will be about 37 billion yuan. In 2012, it will reach 47.3 billion yuan, and it will grow at a rate of about 10%. The market prospect is very broad. However, due to the backwardness of the overall technology and quality of diamond products in China, more than 90% of the high-end products used in electronics, home appliances, CNC Machining and other industries rely on imports. Since 2000, the import volume of high-grade super-hard materials has averaged 20 per year. More than % of the increase in speed, China has a large space for development in the field of high-grade superhard materials.
The superhard material industry belongs to the sub-sector of the diamond industry. In addition to the composite (polycrystalline) superhard material industry, the superhard material industry also has a single crystal superhard material industry. The artificial single crystal is mainly used in the field of non-metallic materials processing such as construction industry. The polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is mainly used in the mining industry. The single crystal super-hard material micro-powder and the binder are obtained by ultra-high pressure high-temperature treatment to obtain polycrystalline superhard material. It has the excellent performance inherent in single crystal superhard materials, and has the advantages of isotropy and some excellent properties in manufacturing. It can be easily processed into tools such as tools, wire drawing dies and drill bits. The main products of composite superhard materials include polycrystalline diamond composite sheets, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite sheets and polycrystalline diamond drawing blanks. The composite sheet is an upstream material for producing petroleum drill bits, mining drill bits and cutting tools, and is a new composite material with the highest hardness and the best wear resistance among the existing superhard materials. After entering the year 2000, China has become the world's largest manufacturing country for superhard materials. The compound annual growth rate has reached 16.4% in the past decade, and it now accounts for more than 90% of the global total.
Special graphite demand growth rate Special graphite mainly includes isostatic graphite and needle coke, and the application field is very wide. The most important consumption area of ​​isostatic graphite is solar silicon crystal production. Due to the rapid development of photovoltaic industry, the production of silicon crystals is rapidly expanding. The graphite consumables produced by silicon crystals benefit from the rapid development of the global photovoltaic industry. With the scale effect of the photovoltaic industry, the cost of photovoltaics is declining, and the impact of the nuclear power crisis, the future application prospects of the photovoltaic industry is even greater. Isostatic graphite is mainly used in solar photovoltaic and semiconductor, continuous casting molds, EDM and nuclear power. It is especially driven by the photovoltaic industry. The supply of isostatic graphite is in short supply and the price is high. In the photovoltaic industry chain, the demand for isostatic graphite has increased significantly. The production of large-scale isostatic graphite mainly sells thermal fields and tantalum products. Under the background of the production bottleneck of domestically produced isostatic graphite, isostatic graphite Profitability will remain high. From the perspective of domestic market demand, the annual demand for isostatic graphite in China will exceed 30,000 tons in 2015, with a focus on listed companies such as Boyun New Materials and Sinosteel.
The annual demand for needle coke in China is around 400,000 tons, 80% is imported, and high-grade products are completely imported. Imported needle coke is not only costly but also unstable in supply, and it has also forced the steel industry to bear a high cost to purchase a large proportion of ultra-high power graphite electrodes from abroad. Needle coke is the main raw material for ultra high power and high power graphite electrodes, accounting for 70% of the cost. Due to the technical monopoly, needle coke is mainly produced by foreign companies. International needle coke producers maintain the status quo in terms of production capacity to maintain the needle coke price at a high level to obtain high profits. The profits of the graphite electrode industry are concentrated in the needle coke production enterprise, and the ultra high power and high power electrode industries are maintained in a low profit state. With the breakthrough in domestic technology, the capacity of needle coke has gradually broken through foreign monopoly, and the price has returned to a reasonable level. The graphite electrode enterprise will benefit from the large carbon.
Editor's note: China's graphite ore reserves account for 75% of the world's total reserves, and production accounts for 72% of the world's total output. As a strategic resource, graphene has the reputation of "black gold", which is widely used in national defense, energy conservation and environmental protection. Highly sophisticated technology field. Affected by environmental protection and new material demand, the graphite industry is attracting more and more attention in the sub-sectors such as graphene and synthetic diamonds, and can focus on short-term investment opportunities in the graphite industry.