Cultivation Techniques of Banana South Fruit North in Greenhouse

 

Banana is a kind of fruit in the southern tropical region. Due to the cold climate in the northern region, it is not suitable for banana planting. The greenhouse cultivation technology can make this southern fruit planted in the north. It is the first choice fruit for urban sightseeing and picking agriculture, economic and social benefits. prominent.

First, the green requirements of banana green planting

Banana plants are too high to withstand low temperatures, and the minimum temperature cannot be lower than 8 °C. The north will build greenhouses or greenhouses according to needs. The height of the shed is not less than 5.3 meters, and the height of the gutter is 4 meters.

Second, cultivation techniques

Seedling colonization

Planting specifications can be 2 × 2.5 meters, about 130 plants per acre. The planting pit size is 80 cm long, 100 cm wide and 40 cm deep. 10 kg of pure organic fertilizer and 0.1 kg of ternary controlled release fertilizer were applied to each pit. It is best to mix the organic fertilizer and the controlled release fertilizer with the topsoil and mix it into the pit. Place some topsoil on it to prevent burning. At the same time, choose strong seedlings, put the banana seedlings into the planting pits, cover the soil, and return to the soil. The mounds are raised about 20 cm above the ground to make the turtles.

2. Water and fertilizer management

During vigorous growth, water should be poured, but care should be taken not to accumulate water. Every two months, 5 kg of pure organic fertilizer with high quality and thoroughly fermented and fermented, and 0.2 kg of ternary compound fertilizer. When the banana enters the big leaf stage and the fruiting stage, it is necessary to increase the amount of fertilizer application and use the combination of N, P, K and other fertilizers.

3. Temperature management

It is very important to plant banana trees in the northern protected areas to do the winter cold and antifreeze work. The measures are as follows:

Irrigation: In time, the horse water is poured in time before the frost falls, and the heat capacity of the soil is increased to prevent cold and freeze.

Covering the mulch film: It is recommended to cover the black mulch film or the silver-black two-color mulch film to protect the temperature and reduce the humidity. It can also be weeded, and the drip irrigation equipment can be installed at the same time.

Fertilization: According to the growth status of banana trees, the winter fertilizer is applied before the frost is applied, and the quick-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is added. Each plant is applied with 15 kg of pure organic fertilizer, 0.2 kg of calcium phosphate and 0.15 kg of potassium sulfate.

増 Temperature: Pay attention to ensure that the greenhouse in the greenhouse is not less than 8 degrees.

Third, flower and fruit foliage oriented quality safety management

If the banana grows too heavy and too heavy, causing the banana tree to be unbearable, a plastic film or a wide strip of cloth can be wrapped around the fruit axis of the banana. After winding it from the thick rope, gently hang it up, and the force is too strong to prevent the banana from falling off, and the banana can be lifted up. Pay attention to the banana after the bud, when the top of the banana shaft 1~2 comb is not in real time, the bud is broken in the sunny afternoon, and the quality of the fruit is good. In addition, the branches and leaves should be properly trimmed.

Fourth, scientific management to prevent and control pests and diseases

All the entrances and exits of the greenhouse, and the air outlets are used to prevent insects. The biological, physical, and Chinese herbal medicines are used to interact with all three technologies. Remove old dead leaves in time and remove excess side buds. Timely directed ecological management of the three waters of ecological water and fertilizers.

Bananas generally have leaf spot, mosaic heart rot and black spot disease, as well as aphids, thrips, whiteflies, etc., which may be harmful and need early prevention.

V. Appropriate harvesting and ripening storage

Appropriate harvesting, generally in the summer from Xie Hua to fruit Peng to mature full about 45 days, in the winter about 65 days to harvest. Then do the ripening or ripening.

(邵巍斌贤)