High-rise construction site fire safety management

With the deepening of reform and opening up and the development of economic construction, high-level construction has mushroomed in the city, which has brought prosperity to the city and brought about fire safety problems. The issue of fire safety management in the construction site of high-rise buildings should be paid attention to.

I. Characteristics of high-rise building construction site and fire safety features

(GB50045-95) in accordance with the provisions of "design of tall buildings for fire protection", high-rise building refers to the height of over 24 meters and public buildings over 10 floors and 10 floors of residential buildings. In view of the fact that high-rise building construction has long construction period, many high-altitude operations, many contracting units, many cross constructions, and many features such as using electricity for fire, the fire safety of high-rise construction sites has the following characteristics:

1 . During the construction process, no fire doors were installed in the stairwells and elevator shafts of high-rise buildings. Once a fire occurs, a chimney effect will occur, and the fire will spread rapidly, making it difficult to fight.

2 . Some on-site facilities at the construction site use combustible materials such as wood, bamboo, and plastic sheets, and the fire-proof distance between adjacent facilities often affects fire safety.

3 . The excavation of the deep foundation pit and the stacking of building materials on the construction site affected the smoothness of the fire lane, making it difficult for the fire engine to approach the fire and impeding the fire fighting action.

4 . Temporary electricity is used on the construction site, and the electrical lines are messy. If the management is not good, it will cause electrical fire accidents.

5 . Due to the large number of contractors in the construction of high-rise buildings, the mobility of migrant workers is relatively large, which brings great difficulties to the fire safety management on the site. Fire hazards are not easily discovered in time. Temporary quarters for migrant workers who are more intensive in case of fire, prone to group die group injury accident.

6 . The construction site uses temporary construction water, and the water supply and water pressure cannot meet the fire protection requirements. Appropriate measures should be taken to improve fire-fighting water supply conditions.

Second, the construction organization design is the source of high-rise building construction fire safety management

Construction organization design is the general deployment of high-rise construction, which should include the implementation of fire safety work. The construction organization design should focus on the fire safety issues from several aspects such as the general layout of the construction, fire-fighting facilities, and fire safety regulations.

1 . General layout of construction

The general layout of the construction should have a reasonable functional area, and there should be proper fire separation between various buildings, structures and temporary facilities. The construction site should generally have a circular firefighting lane, and a dead-end road should be set up at the return yard. The width, net height and road surface bearing capacity of the fire lane should meet the requirements of large fire engines.

2 . Equipped with firefighting facilities

High-rise building construction requires construction pools, pumps, and water risers, and the above-mentioned construction facilities can double as fire-fighting facilities. The construction pool can double as a fire pool; the construction pump can be prepared for two ( one for one ) and double as a fire pump, and the fire water flow and a certain lift must be guaranteed; the construction riser can double as a fire riser, and the pipe diameter should not be less than 100 mm; A number of outdoor temporary fire hydrants should be installed around high-rise buildings, and temporary fire hydrant, water hoses and water guns should be installed on each floor. A number of mobile fire extinguishing equipment shall be provided at key locations on the construction site of high-rise buildings.

3 . Establishing a fire safety agency and formulating a fire safety system

The construction units and construction units of high-rise buildings shall establish a fire prevention leading group, establish a compulsory fire brigade, and conduct regular fire safety inspections and fire-fighting studies. The construction site should establish some necessary fire prevention measures and fire safety rules and regulations, and organize relevant personnel to learn so that each contractor and various job types can be followed in order to implement the fire prevention work. For the implementation of various fire prevention measures and fire safety rules and regulations, supervision and inspection shall be strengthened.

3. Fire safety management of fire-prone sites on high-rise building construction sites

Fire-prone places in high-rise building construction sites mainly include wood processing sites, electrical welding and cutting sites, paint work sites, wood stockyards, electricity use sites, and temporary dormitories for migrant workers.

1 . Wood stockyards and wood processing sites

Wood stockyards shall be divided into components and shall be stacked. There shall be fire-fighting passages between groups and groups. Smoking and open flame operations shall be strictly prohibited at wood processing sites. Flammable materials such as shavings and sawdust shall be promptly cleaned and dumped at a designated safe place.

2 . Electrical welding site

Operators should hold certificates to work. Before welding and cutting, they must apply for fire permits from the security department before they can work. Before welding and cutting operations, the combustibles should be removed or isolated; the welding and cutting operations must be equipped with fire-fighting equipment; Containers for flammable liquids and gases and hazardous chemicals should be thoroughly removed before welding.

3 . Paint job site

Fireworks shall be strictly prohibited in paintwork places; paints shall be stored in special warehouses; paint shops and paint warehouses shall be separated; paint warehouses shall be kept away from temporary dorms and places with open flames.

4 . Electricity use place

The use of electrical equipment should not exceed the line's safety load, and should be equipped with safety devices; regular inspection of electrical equipment, check for short circuit, heat and insulation damage and timely processing; when the wire through the wall, floor When objects are to be used, porcelain sleeves should be added to isolate them; electrical equipment should be turned off after use.

5 . Migrant workers temporary dormitory

Temporary dormitories for migrant workers are not allowed to store flammable and explosive materials; electric furnaces and power supply are not allowed to be used; mosquito coils must be placed in metal trays in the summer and kept at a certain distance from combustibles. Combustible objects should not be used as lamp shades.

The fire safety management of high-rise building construction site is a systematic project. It not only requires the management’s high attention, the supervision and inspection of the safety department, but also the reinforcement of fire prevention awareness of every participating construction personnel. Only in this way can the fire safety of high-rise building construction sites be guaranteed.