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Nitrogen fertilizer: Counterfeit urea in the market is generally carbon ammonium in the fertilizer bag. The above is urea. It is characterized by good fluidity, no flow or even agglomeration underneath, and can smell strong volatile ammonia. This is a pseudo-urea that is carbon-doped. If the fluidity is good, only the particle color and particle size are inconsistent, it is a mixture of urea and ammonium carbonate. It can be further distinguished by the following methods:
1. Appearance: Urea and ammonium nitrate are odorless white particles. The difference is that urea is translucent and reflective; while the surface of ammonium nitrate particles is bright and has obvious reflection.
2, fire: put the two substances on the red charcoal or iron plate, urea melts quickly, white smoke, ammonia smell; the sale of ammonium flashes intensely, emits strong light, white smoke, accompanied by "嗤嗤 "Sound.
Phosphate fertilizer: The main counterfeit calcium in the market is phosphogypsum, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, waste cement residue, etc., and the methods are as follows:
1. Appearance: Calcium is dark gray or grayish white, light gray loose powder, sour; Phosphogypsum is grayish white hexagonal columnar crystal or crystalline powder, no sour taste; calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer has no sour taste, is very dry glass Fine grain or fine powder; waste cement residue is gray powder, dull, more hard, thicker after crushing, no sour taste; brick powder color blue, powder is thicker, no sour.
2, feel: the calcium is heavy, the hand feels but not frivolous; the phosphogypsum texture is light, the hand feels relatively dry; the waste cement texture is heavier than the ordinary calcium, the hand feels not greasy, does not make cotton, does not dry, has hard cement Slag exists.
3. Water-soluble: The calcium is partially dissolved in water, the phosphogypsum and calcium-magnesium phosphate are insoluble in water, and the waste cement powder is added with water to form a slurry, which is re-solidified. In the identification, if it is found that there are obvious impurities such as clods, stones and cinder in the calcium, it is inferior calcium; if the acidity is too rich and the water is more, it is uncooked non-product calcium.
Compound fertilizer: Most of the market is based on the granules of calcium and nitrophosphate, heavy superphosphate, but also the use of calcium, sodium phosphate and counterfeit diammonium phosphate. They have similar color, particle and compressive strength, but the composition, content and price of the ingredients vary greatly. The phosphorus content of the granular superphosphate is 14%-18%; the phosphorus content of the three phosphates (heavy calcium) is 40%-50%; the phosphorus nitrate is 20% nitrogen, the phosphorus is 20%; the diammonium phosphate is 46%-48. %, containing 16%-18% nitrogen. The identification method is:
1. Appearance: The diammonium phosphate is dark brown in the middle, the edge is slightly yellow, the outer edge of the particle has a semi-transparent sense, the surface is slightly smooth, and it is irregular particles; after the damp, the color of the particles is deepened, no yellow and The edge is transparent, and the particles behave like wet particles after being wetted, and have a very small amount of white color on the surface. The nitrophosphate fertilizer has no obvious transparency, and the surface of the granules is smooth and has dark brown irregular particles. The heavy superphosphate granular fertilizer is dark gray particles; the superphosphate is lighter in color, grayish, light gray, and the surface is less smooth.
2. Water solubility: nitrophosphate fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and heavy superphosphate are all soluble in water; granular superphosphate is not completely soluble in water.
3, fire: diammonium phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer in red charcoal burning can quickly melt and release ammonia; heavy superphosphate and superphosphate without ammonia smell, especially the shape of superphosphate particles did not change at all.
Agricultural fertilizer identification song
It is easy to identify fertilizers, and the rust-free iron tablets are burnt red first; the fertilizers are placed on the iron separately, and their performances are different;
In the case of iron, it will be urea without any doubt; if it only melts and does not smoke, the bad smell is ammonium bicarbonate;
After a while, the Mars is out of the Mars. This is the ammonium sulphate; the purple red smoke appears on the iron, and the sizzling sound is ammonium sulphate;
To find ammonium chloride, the smell of iron is like hydrochloric acid; the phosphorus fertilizer is mostly grayish white, and it is unpleasant to smell red iron;
Placed in red iron blasting, potassium sulphate without ammonia smell; compound fertilizer melts slowly, organic and inorganic smoke;
The above phenomena are gone, and counterfeiting is deceived.
Author: Zhejiang Kaihua County Seed Management Station Xu Act III (originally published in civilized agricultural 110)
Feed: Zhejiang Seed Management Station
The fertilizer quality identification method can be summarized as five words, namely, look, touch, burn, test, and test. The identification methods of several types of main fertilizers are introduced as follows:
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