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First, the fertilizer requirement and yield of corn constitutes the grain of the crop. In order to obtain higher yield, there must be sufficient fertilizer guarantee. According to experimental analysis, for every 100 kg of corn produced, it needs to absorb 2.1 to 2.8 kg of nitrogen, 0.7 to 1.7 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 1.5 to 3.0 kg of potassium oxide.
Second, the fertilizer characteristics of corn The proportion of corn required for nutrients in different growth and development periods is also different.
1. Three-leaf period to jointing stage. With the growth and development of seedlings, the consumption of nutrients is also increasing. Although the demand for nutrients is still small during this period, the basis for obtaining high yields can only obtain high-quality seedlings if the nutrient requirements of this period are met.
2. Jointing to heading. This period is an important period for the formation of corn ear and the highest demand for nutrients. The nitrogen absorbed during this period accounted for 1/3 of the total fertility, phosphorus accounted for 1/2, and potassium accounted for 2/3. In this period, if the nutrient supply is sufficient, the corn plants can be tall, the stems are thick, and the ears are large and large.
3. Heading flowering period. In this period, the growth of the plant is basically over. In this period, nitrogen consumption accounts for 1/5 of the whole growth period, 1/5 of phosphorus, and 1/3 of potassium.
4. Grouting to maturity. After the grouting begins, the fertilizer requirement of the corn increases rapidly to form the protein, starch and fat in the grain until it matures. The nitrogen absorbed during this period accounted for 1/2 of the whole growth period, and phosphorus accounted for 1/3.
Third, the symptoms of corn plant deficiency symptoms 1. Nitrogen deficiency. Nitrogen has a great influence on the growth and development of corn. When the nitrogen is insufficient in the early stage of growth, the plant grows slowly and is yellow-green. When the nitrogen is insufficient in the prosperous growth period, the plant is pale green and then turns yellow. At the same time, the lower leaves began to dry up, gradually reaching the midrib from the leaves, and finally all dried up.
2. Phosphorus deficiency. During the whole growth and development of corn, corn is most prone to phosphorus deficiency in two periods. The first period is the seedling stage: before the germination to the three-leaf stage, if the phosphorus is insufficient in this period, the lower leaves will begin to appear dark green, and then the purple color will appear from the edge; when the phosphorus is extremely absent, the edge of the leaves will be from the tip of the leaves. It begins to turn brown and grows more slowly thereafter. The second period is flowering: during the flowering stage of maize, the phosphorus in the plant begins to transfer from the leaves and stems to the grain. If phosphorus is lost at this time, the pistil filaments are delayed and the plants are incompletely fertilized, and the seeds are often grown to be skewed. Malformed ears.
3. Lack of potassium. The potassium seedlings are deficient in potassium, the plants grow slowly, the stems are short, and the young leaves are yellow or yellowish brown. When the potassium is severely deficient, the leaf margins or tips at the top are burnt. When the older plants are deficient in potassium, the veins turn yellow, the internodes are shortened, the roots grow weakly, and they tend to fall, and the tops of the ears are missing. The grain is small, the yield is low, the shell thickness is small, the quality is poor, and the grain is mature late.
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