Laser cutting equipment

Laser cutting equipment

Laser cutting equipment can be divided into solid laser cutting equipment and gas laser cutting equipment according to different working materials of laser; according to different working modes of laser, it is divided into continuous laser cutting equipment and pulse laser cutting equipment. Most of the laser cutting uses CO ₂ laser cutting equipment, which is mainly composed of laser, light guiding system, numerical control motion system, torch, console, air source, water source and smoking system. The basic structure of a typical CO ₂ laser cutting device is shown in Figure 1.

The functions of each structure of the laser cutting device are as follows.

1 Laser power supply High-voltage power supply for laser oscillation.

2 laser oscillator The main equipment for generating laser

3 Refracting mirror Used to guide the laser in the desired direction. In order for the beam path to not fail, all mirrors are protected with a protective cover.

4 torch mainly includes parts such as gun body, focusing lens and auxiliary gas nozzle.

5 cutting work platform For placing the workpiece to be cut and moving correctly and accurately according to the control program, usually driven by an opportunistic motor.

6 Torch drive unit It is used to drive the torch in the X-axis and Z-axis directions according to the program. It consists of transmission parts such as servo motor and screw.

7 CNC controls the movement of the cutting platform and torch while also controlling the output power of the laser.

8 operating panel Used to control the working process of the entire cutting device.

9 Cylinders Includes laser working medium cylinders and auxiliary cylinders to supplement the laser oscillating working gas and supply cutting auxiliary gas.

10 Cooling water circulation unit Used to cool the laser oscillator. A laser is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy. For example, a CO2 gas laser typically has a conversion efficiency of 20%, and the remaining 80% of the energy is converted into heat. Cooling water removes excess heat to keep the oscillator working.

(11) Air Dryer Used to supply clean dry air to the laser oscillator and beam path to maintain proper operation of the path and mirror.

Laser cutting laser

The lasers for cutting mainly include a CO ₂ gas laser and a yttrium aluminum garnet solid laser (commonly referred to as a YAG laser). The basic characteristics and main uses of CO ₂ lasers and YAG lasers are shown in Table 1. See Table 2 for comparison of cutting processing performance.

Table 1 Basic characteristics and main uses of CO ₂ lasers and YAG lasers

1 Efficiency refers to the ratio of the energy input to the laser working medium to the laser output energy.

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