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The signing of ECFA means that the 37 kinds of Taiwanese machine tool products entering the Chinese mainland market will implement the tax reduction policy from January 1, 2011, and reduce the tariff to zero in two years in two stages. It can be seen that the signing and implementation of ECFA will further promote the export competitiveness of Taiwan's machine tool products, and will have certain impact and impact on the machine tool industry in mainland China.
Mainland China is the most important export market for Taiwanese machine tools
The machine tool industry in Taiwan is export-oriented, and about 80% of its output value is exported. As early as 1994, Taiwan has entered the ranks of the world's top ten machine tool exporters, and has maintained a good development trend. In 2008, Taiwan's machine tool industry output value reached 4.7 billion US dollars, the world's fifth largest production area of ​​machine tools and the fourth largest export area, the export value is second only to Germany, Japan and Italy and other machine tool manufacturing power. In addition to the impact of the financial crisis in 2009, in recent years, Taiwan's machine tool exports have maintained rapid development. Since 2010, with the recovery of the global economy, the production and sales of the machine tool industry in Taiwan have recovered rapidly. In the first eight months, Taiwan’s machine tool exports reached US$1.84 billion, a year-on-year increase of 62.9%. At present, the production lines of major machine tool manufacturers in Taiwan are running at full capacity, and some enterprises have begun to undertake orders for the first quarter of 2011.
The annual value of machine tools exported to mainland China and Hong Kong in Taiwan is about US$1 billion, accounting for 30% to 50% of its total exports. Mainland China and Hong Kong are its most important export markets. From the perspective of the import source of machine tools in mainland China, the Taiwan region ranks third in terms of its importing countries and regions. It can be seen that the machine tool industry in China and Taiwan is highly correlated. The signing of ECFA is bound to have a huge and far-reaching impact on the machine tool industry across the Taiwan Strait.
After decades of development, Taiwan's machine tool industry has become a pillar industry in Taiwan, with 2/3 of its output value exported to all parts of the world (mainly in mainland China and Southeast Asia). In contrast, China's machine tool industry has experienced more than 60 years of development, especially since the reform and opening up. Although the world's machine tool industry ranks first in terms of output value, consumption, and imports, it is "big but not big." Strong."
Compared with Taiwan's machine tool industry, mainland machine tools are still relatively inferior in terms of functional components and mid-range, medium and small-size CNC machine tools. Therefore, after the implementation of ECFA, under the dual effects of reducing and exempting some import tariffs and RMB appreciation, it will accelerate the improvement of Taiwan enterprises and products competitiveness, and have an impact on the mainland machine tool market, and squeeze the survival and development of mainland machine tool enterprises. space.
For example, the “CNC horizontal lathe for cutting metalâ€, which was included in the early harvest plan, had an import tax rate of 9.7% in 2009. According to the agreement, the CNC horizontal lathe reduced the tax rate to 5% in the first phase of the early harvest program and to zero in the second phase. In less than two years, the tax rate of the aircraft will drop by nearly 10%. Experts said that the aircraft will have a greater impact on mainland companies. According to customs statistics, in recent years, China has a large demand for CNC horizontal lathes, with an average annual import volume of about 4,000 units, involving an import value of about 300 million US dollars. At the same time, the average unit price of imports has increased significantly year by year.
In addition, due to the early start of Taiwan's CNC machine tool functional components industry, it has formed a mature industrial production scale and low manufacturing cost. Its product technology level is slightly worse than that of industrial developed countries such as Germany, Japan and Italy, and higher than that of mainland enterprises. Level. Its main market goal is to support the mainland mid-range CNC machine tools, and has occupied a market share of about 50%. China's CNC machine tool functional parts industry started late, has been the bottleneck of the development of CNC machine tools, although the rolling function components have formed a certain industrial scale, but the competitiveness is still lower than Taiwan's enterprise products. While CNC tool holders, CNC rotary tables, tool magazine robots, electric spindles, and swing angle milling heads have also developed, they are still in their infancy. Therefore, under the dual pressure of reducing import tariffs and expectations of RMB appreciation, mainland CNC machine tool functional components enterprises will be the most direct and most serious part of the impact and impact. The more serious consequence is that the process of independent innovation of high-end CNC machine tools is hindered, which affects the overall core competitiveness of the machine tool industry.
Judging from the number of products covered by the early harvested product list, the positive benefits that Taiwan may receive are clearly higher than those in mainland China. In addition, there are indications that some multinational companies are considering investing in Taiwan to build factories in view of the signing of ECFA. At that time, it was not just the original Taiwanese companies that competed with domestic companies.
Suggestions
The fundamental way to resist the impact of ECFA is to enhance the competitiveness of the industry itself. Therefore, the current task of industry enterprises is to accelerate the improvement of independent innovation capabilities, accelerate structural adjustment, rapidly transform development methods, and enhance the overall competitiveness of the industry. This is not only to deal with the measures taken to implement the "ECFA", but also the only way to make China's machine tool industry become bigger and stronger.
While upgrading itself, the industry also needs to be supported by national policies. For example, for key production enterprises of lathes, grinders and functional parts that are greatly affected by “ECFAâ€, it is recommended to grant “VAT first refund and return†policy concessions according to the company’s sales, and hope to give “income tax levy†and other policies. Offer. In the implementation process of the “high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment†technology, the special equipment and testing equipment for functional components and manufacturing functional components will be tilted; the application of domestic CNC machine tool functional parts demonstration project will be tilted; The technical transformation of small and medium-sized CNC machine tools and functional components companies gives more convenient policy loans.
At present, ECFA is only a few framework clauses. It only determines some principles of the rules of origin for early harvesting of tax-reduction products. How to apply specifically and how to issue certificates of origin remains to be negotiated. In the future, ECFA should gradually shift from trade agreements to industrial cooperation to form an upstream and downstream industrial chain. It is suggested to establish a cross-strait industrial alliance to complement each other's advantages and resolve problems that may arise in cross-strait industrial cooperation. In addition, considering that if third-party goods or services enter Taiwan through Taiwan, it may have an adverse impact on the mainland industry. Therefore, the customs need to strictly control the principle of origin.
Not long ago, the Cross-Strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) came into force. According to the agreement, a total of 37 machine tool products have been included in the early harvest plan, including metal processing machine tools, forming machine tools, and machine tool fixtures and accessories. There are mainly CNC horizontal lathes, CNC drilling machines, CNC machines. Surface grinder, other gold-cut CNC machine tools, grinding machine tools, grinders, polishing machines, inserting machines, broaching machines, sawing machines or cutting machines, planer, forging or stamping machines and forging hammers, non-CNC punching, slotting machines, punching and shearing Dual-purpose machine and parts, tools, etc.