The news said that the SMEs' support policy report will reduce 69 fees and charges.

Under the pressure of the “running the road” of private enterprise owners, the easing policy like Ganlin has finally sprinkled many small and medium enterprises.

“The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has submitted a proposal on the support policy for SMEs to the State Council in September this year, including the reduction of 69 major categories of fees and charges, and there are thousands of fees.” Close to the decision-makers to understand the program On October 12, I disclosed it to the reporter of China Times.

In the policy of the State Council supporting small and micro enterprises, which was broadcasted by CCTV "News Network" on the evening of the same day, it also mentioned further clean-up and cancellation of some enterprise-related fees.

A source close to the financial supervision department told this reporter that as inflation peaks, the monetary policy is likely to be fine-tuned before the end of the year, adopting a “directed easing” approach, appropriately relaxing the restrictions on financing conditions, SMEs, affordable housing and other areas give financing policy tilt.

The September CPI released on October 14th fell for two consecutive months. In addition, the first time in 16 months, the oil price has been lowered. Under the background of the obvious effect, the slowdown of GDP growth is particularly prominent. It is imperative to stimulate the economy.

Many experts and industry insiders interviewed by the reporters believe that monetary policy will turn in the fourth quarter, the possibility of lowering the reserve ratio is greater, and fiscal and taxation is more inclined to reduce taxes.

As an economic barometer, the securities market also made an early response. On the 12th, the Shanghai Composite Index rose 3.04%, and on the 13th, it rose 0.78%. The trading volume was greatly enlarged compared with the previous trading days.

Boss "escape" Domino

On October 8th, Chairman Mao Guozhen of Shenzhen Shengduoli Industrial Co., Ltd., his wife Cui Lihua and his relatives who were in the company all disappeared, leaving a debt and a chaser who kept gathering at the company's door.

It is understood that the company has defaulted on the construction bank Longhua Branch loan of 30 million yuan, arrears of Sinochem Group Far East International Leasing Company 17.28 million yuan, arrears suppliers have registered more than 12 million yuan, and its default guarantee company about 33 million, even There are also some usury that have not yet surfaced.

Coincidentally, in Wenzhou, the private economy's base camp, there are frequent incidents in which the boss “runs the road”. According to incomplete statistics, since April this year, there have been no fewer than 100 Wenzhou bosses who have “running the road” due to the break of the capital chain.

In fact, Wenzhou has already been in crisis. In January of this year, Zhou Dewen, president of the Wenzhou Small and Medium Enterprises Development Promotion Association, issued an early warning to the society: If the current monetary tightening policy does not change, if the government does not rescue, in the second half of this year, 40% of the country’s small and medium-sized enterprises will Semi-discontinued, discontinued or even closed down.

Everything that happened next time, confirmed Zhou Dewen's judgment time and again, the old famous enterprises such as Sanqi Group, Jiangnan Leather, Restaurant Chain Port Shangji and Portman, Zhejiang Tianshi Electronics Co., Ltd. in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces went bankrupt, and the boss abandoned The factory fled.

In June this year, Zhou Dewen bluntly said in an interview with this reporter: "Now SMEs have already experienced a new round of crisis, and it is more serious than the 2008 round." The results of the National Federation of Industry and Commerce survey of small and medium-sized enterprises in 17 provinces and cities It also coincides with Zhou Dewen. The results of the survey also show that the current survival of SMEs is very difficult, and the difficulty is even more than the beginning of the 2008 financial crisis.

At that time, Quan Zhe, the party secretary and first vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, even threatened: "It is estimated that by August of this year, a group of enterprises will begin to die."

In this regard, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the China Banking Regulatory Commission and other national departments have launched a wider range of research. In May, the China Banking Regulatory Commission sent an investigation team to Wenzhou in a low-key manner, and held five symposiums in a row. In June, Zhu Hong, chief engineer of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, took the lead in investigating Wenzhou.

SMEs "life and death line"

In Zhu Hongren's view, first, the production cost has risen too fast, raw materials have generally risen, and second, labor costs have risen too fast. The problem of labor difficulties and labor shortage is very prominent. These two "costs rise too fast" squeeze the profit margin of the company.

Another outstanding problem is that the burden on enterprises is still heavier, and the fees charged by enterprises are still too high and high, and illegal and illegal fees still exist. Zhu Hongren pointed out that some places use the charges to ease financial difficulties. Some departments use their power charges to seek the interests of the departments. Some grassroots law enforcement officers use illegal fees to seek personal benefits.

There are still unreasonable charges in the country every year. There is no public statistics yet. However, according to Zhou Tianyong (microblogging), a professor at the Central Party School, it is conservatively estimated that in addition to the formal payment of tax-free expenses to government departments, enterprises are used to pay for the cost of rent-seeking in administrative management, approval, supervision, and law enforcement, at 800 billion. Yuan yuan or more.

An official of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology told reporters that in addition to paying taxes, enterprises must also undertake administrative fees for the industrial and commercial departments, environmental protection departments, quality supervision departments, public health and safety departments. The burden of enterprises is not only heavy but also extremely complicated.

According to Man Yanyun, director of the Center for Urban Development and Land Policy Research at Peking University's Lincoln Research Institute, China's macro tax burden has reached 27% in 2007 and reached 30% in 2009. In the first eight months of this year, China's fiscal revenue was 74,286.29 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 30.9%. At this rate, even if the next four months of zero growth, this year's fiscal revenue of more than 10 trillion yuan is a foregone conclusion, far exceeding the 8.9 formulated at the beginning of the year. One trillion yuan, an increase of 8%. On the whole, China's macro tax burden in 2011 should be between 35% and 40%.

At the same time, the tightening of the monetary roots became the last straw to crush SMEs.

Since last year, the bank deposit reserve ratio has been raised 12 times in a row. The shrinking credit scale has made it more difficult for SMEs, especially small and micro enterprises, to finance. According to statistics, bank credit basically covers large enterprises and 80% of medium-sized enterprises, while 80% of small enterprises below the scale have no access to bank credit. A large number of small and medium-sized enterprises solve their urgent needs through private lending, and the borrowing rate has reached 50%-100%. No high.

In an interview with the reporter of China Times, Zhou Dewen said that the profit margin of SMEs is lower than the loan interest rate, and the actual borrowing cost of enterprises has reached 100% or higher, while the profit margin is only 3% to 5%. The reporter found that in the area of ​​Liugong Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, many shoe-making enterprises are also locked in the door, basically in a state of suspension.

"Orientation loose" forming

From October 3 to 4, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council held a meeting with the heads of some enterprises in Wenzhou, Zhejiang. Zhou Dewen made several suggestions to the central investigation team at the scene. He told reporters that Premier Wen Jiabao requested the accompanying Ministry of Finance and the head of the People's Bank of China to introduce financial support policies for SMEs within one month.

Just a week later, the central government's package of policies to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, such as finance, finance, and taxation, was quickly introduced.

On the 12th, Premier Wen hosted a State Council executive meeting to study and determine nine financial, fiscal and taxation policies and measures to support the development of small and micro enterprises. Among them, there is not only the support from credit, but also the expansion of financing channels for small and micro enterprises. At the same time, it also requires commercial banks to clear unreasonable charges for financial services of small and micro enterprises, and refine the differentiated supervision policies for financial services of small and micro enterprises. .

"The first thing to do is to cut taxes." Zhou Dewen told this reporter that "small and medium-sized enterprises are so difficult, but the country’s tax revenue has risen sharply in the first half of this year. The tax burden is already too high. The current tax policy has to be adjusted. This has been Screaming."

Among the nine measures announced by the State Council, it is also required to further clean up and cancel some of the fees charged by enterprises. The above-mentioned officials of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that the state's fiscal revenue has increased substantially, and the government has a huge space for tax cuts for SMEs.

At a meeting in July this year, Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, also proposed that in the second half of the year, research and adoption of risk compensation, fiscal interest subsidies, business tax reductions and other methods will effectively alleviate the difficulties of SMEs.

The nine measures of the State Council gave the market more imagination. What will be the next good measures? Will monetary policy turn?

On October 13, Guo Tianyong (microblogging), a professor at the School of Finance of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said in an interview with this reporter that the future monetary policy is generally difficult to relax, but he suggested that it can take a hedge against the reserve ratio and interest rate hike. Operation, more use of price tools and reduce the use of quantity distribution tools, which is beneficial to SMEs.

In fact, "directional looseness" is fermenting. Our reporter learned from the regulatory authorities that small financial institutions will continue to implement lower deposit reserve ratios while meeting the credit increase and growth requirements for small and micro enterprises. A CBRC official pointed out that “implementing a deposit reserve ratio of 18% or lower has great appeal to small and medium-sized commercial banks, especially city commercial banks, rural commercial banks, and rural credit cooperatives. After all, their storage capacity is relatively high. weak."

While reducing the deposit reserve ratio, the regulatory authorities have also relaxed the commercial banks that target small and micro enterprises in terms of non-performing loan tolerance, opening branches, deposit-loan ratio, and capital adequacy ratio calculation.

Recently, Xiao Yuanqi, the director of the supervision department of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, said in the frontier lecture hall of the bank that the tolerance for non-performing loans to small and micro enterprises has increased to 5%.

"Where, for small and micro enterprise loans of less than 5 million, it is not included in the assessment when calculating the loan-to-deposit ratio. For small and medium-sized commercial banks, especially those with relatively high deposits and loans, while the regulatory indicators are not increasing, they can further Loans are issued, although the non-performing rate of credit loans for these small and micro enterprises may be slightly higher. The above provisions are particularly favorable for banks specializing in small and medium-sized enterprises,” said a shareholding bank.  

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