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Microbial fertilizer refers to a specific type of living microorganisms that can be used in agricultural production to obtain specific fertilizer effects. Microbial fertilizers can be divided into two categories. One is to increase the supply of nutrients in the plant through the life activities of the microorganisms contained therein, which leads to the improvement of the nutritional status of the villages, and then the increase in yield, and the representative varieties are the fertilizers: One type is a generalized microbial fertilizer. Although its products also increase crop yield through the microbial life activities contained in it, it is not only limited to improve the supply level of plant nutrient elements, but also includes the secondary generation materials produced by them. For example, stimulating effects of hormonal substances on plants, promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrients by plants, or antagonizing the pathogenic effects of certain pathogenic microorganisms, reducing pests and diseases and increasing crop yield.
Second, the types and mechanisms of microbial fertilizers
There are many types of microbial fertilizers. If they are classified according to the specific microbial species in their products, they can be divided into bacterial fertilizers (such as root bacteria fertilizers, nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizers), actinomycetes (such as antibiotics, 5406), and fungi fertilizers (such as bacteria). Root fungi), etc.: According to its mechanism of action, it can be divided into rhizobial fertilizer, nitrogen-fixing fertilizer, phosphate-dissolving fertilizer, potassium-dissolving fertilizer, etc.: according to the type of microorganisms in its products, it can be divided into simple microbial fertilizers and Compound microbial fertilizer. The efficacy of microbial fertilizers is mainly related to the source and effectiveness of nutrients, or related to the absorption of nutrients, water and disease by crops.
1. Increase soil fertility, which is one of the main functions of microbial fertilizer. Such as a variety of self-generated, combined, symbiotic national nitrogen microbial fertilizers, can increase the source of nitrogen in the soil, the application of a variety of phosphorus-dissolving and potassium-dissolving microorganisms, can decompose the insoluble phosphorus and potassium in the soil, thereby enabling Crop absorption and utilization.
2, the production of plant hormones stimulate crop growth, many microbes used as microbial fertilizers can also produce plant hormones, can stimulate and regulate crop growth, plant growth, nutritional status and improvement.
3. For the biological control of harmful microorganisms, due to the inoculation of microbial fertility at the root of the crop, the microorganisms grow and multiply in the roots of the crops, and the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of the crops limit the breeding opportunities of other pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, some microorganisms also have antagonistic effects on pathogenic microorganisms, and have the effect of reducing crop diseases.
Author: Gengguang Liang
one. What is microbial fertilizer?
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